Day In History: November 1

HOLIDAYSSamhain in the Northern Hemisphere and Beltaine in the Southern hemisphere, celebrations start at sunset of October 31 (Neopagan Wheel of the Year)All Saints Day, a Holy Day of ObligationDay of the Innocents, The first day of Day of the Dead or El Dia de los Muertos celebration. (Mexico) & (Haiti)Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Antigua and Barbuda from the United Kingdom in 1981.

World Vegan Day (International)

1604 – William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.1611 – William Shakespeare’s romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.1688 – William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to seize the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.1765 – The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.1787 – The African Free School opens in New York City. It later expands to seven schools and is then incorporated into the New York Public School System.

1800 – US President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).

1835 – Nation’s first general strike for 10-hour day; Philadelphia

1848 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.

1887 – Thirty-seven black striking Louisiana sugar workers are murdered when Louisiana militia, aided by bands of “prominent citizens,” shoot unarmed workers trying to get a dollar-per-day wage. Two strike leaders are lynched

1910 – First issue of the NAACP monthly magazine “Crisis” is published by WED DuBois

1911 – Italy performs first aerial bombing on Tanguira oasis in Libya. It is the first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat.

1918 – Malbone tunnel disaster in New York City; inexperienced scab motorman crashes five-car train during strike, 97 killed, 255 injured

1919 – Some 400,000 soft coal miners strike for higher wages and shorter hours.

1937 – Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan’s Lutheran community.

1938 – Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed “the match of the century” in horse racing.

1939 – The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is exhibited to the world.

1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.

1942 – First issue of Negro Digest published

1945 – First issue of Ebony published.

1950 – Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.

1950 – Pope Pius XII claims papal infallibility when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.

1951 – First issue of Jet published.

1954 – The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.

1956 – Springhill Mining Disaster, Springhill, Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia kills 39 miners; 88 are rescued.

1959 – In Rwanda, Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa is beaten up by Tutsi forces, leading to a period of violence known as the wind of destruction.

1959 –  Patrice Lumumba, Congolese nationalist, is arrested following two nights of unrest.

1960 – While campaigning for President of the United States, John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.

1961 – 50,000 women in 60 cities participate in the inaugural Women Strike for Peace (WSP) against nuclear proliferation.

1963 – The 1963 South Vietnamese coup begins

1968 – The Iota Phi Theta fraternity, originally founded at Morgan State University in 1963, was incorporated.

1979 – The UAW begins what was to become a successful 172-day strike against International Harvester. The union turned back company demands for weakened work rules, mandatory overtime

1993 – The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.

2000 – Serbia joins the United Nations.